Inhibiting MD2 activates AMPK-dependent PPARγ/NOX4 signaling to attenuate mitochondrial oxidative stress and relieve pulmonary hypertension.
AIMS Pulmonary hypertension (PH), a severe vascular disorder, is closely associated with chronic inflammatory states and oxidative stress. Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2), a key co-receptor of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), is well established in mediating various inflammation-driven pathologies. However, its rol...