Evolution of Urban Spatial Structure and Its Impact on the Thermal Environment Based on Local Climate Zones (LCZ): A Case Study of Qingdao
Urban spatial structure represents a fundamental determinant of urban thermal dynamics; however, the nonlinear responses of different Local Climate Zones (LCZs) and their spatial extents to thermal environments remain insufficiently understood. This study focuses on the central urban area of Qingdao, China, and establi...