Preprint
Jul 2026
HNSW with Accuracy Guarantees Using Graph Spanners
This paper proposes a novel "Certify-then-Rectify" framework that bridges the gap between the speed of heuristic search and the rigor of exact retrieval, and reinterprets the HNSW graph as a geometric spanner and utilizes Extreme Value Theory to stochastically estimate its maximum empirical stretch factor.
Minghao Li, Raghav Mittal, Sanjivni Rana et al.
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