Efficacy and safety of intraseptal and periodontal ligament anaesthesia for extraction of upper lateral incisors and lower first premolars in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Introduction The use of local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) requires particular caution because of possible cardiovascular effects and increased susceptibility of diabetic nerve fibers to ischemic injury. Intraseptal anaesthesia (ISA) and periodontal ligament anaesthes...