Comparative Analysis of Spinal Fusion Techniques on Pain Relief and Segmental Stability in Spondylolisthesis Patients
Background: Spondylolisthesis is a prevalent cause of chronic axial and radicular low back pain worldwide, yet the comparative merit of available fusion strategies remains unresolved. Objective: This study evaluated posterolateral fusion, posterior lumbar interbody fusion, and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for...