Author

Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

An Explainable System for Offensive Content Detection in Nastaliq Urdu: Corpus Curation, Transformer Benchmarking, and Word-Level Attribution

Automated moderation systems are deployed at scale, yet they remain opaque to the users and moderators affected by their decisions, and their coverage is almost entirely confined to English. For Urdu written in the Nastaliq script, no such system exists, and the annotated resources it would be built on are drawn largel...

Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik · 0 citations

#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

An Explainable DistilBERT-BiLSTM-Attention Framework for Binary and Multi-Class Hate Speech Detection

The results demonstrate that multilevel evaluation improves the reliability that the proposed framework effectively balances performance and efficiency, which makes the framework suitable for practical hate speech moderation systems that require accurate, generalizable, and explainable decisions.

Rameesha Zia, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik · 0 citations