LEXICO-SEMANTIC FEATURES AND TRANSLATION OF U.S. NAVY RANK TITLES IN THE NATO OF/OR FRAMEWORK: ENGLISH, POLISH AND UKRAINIAN
. The article examines the lexico-semantic structure and translation of U.S. Navy rank titles within the NATO OF/OR framework into Polish and Ukrainian. The study is motivated by the growing importance of naval interoperability, defence terminology standardisation, and precise multilingual communication in NATO-related contexts. In contemporary multinational military cooperation, rank terminology functions not only as a lexical category but also as an operational instrument that ensures clarity of hierarchy, authority, and institutional role. The research demonstrates that NATO rank codes facilitate cross-national comparison, yet they do not eliminate semantic asymmetry between national rank systems, since these systems remain embedded in distinct military traditions, legal frameworks, and historical naming conventions. The article analyses the semantic composition of English naval rank titles, paying particular attention to their hierarchical, functional, and institutional components. English titles often contain explicit markers of rank progression and authority, such as petty officer, chief, senior chief, commander, and admiral, whose meanings are not always directly transferable into other languages. Through comparative analysis, the study reveals that Polish and Ukrainian equivalents display different degrees of terminological correspondence. Polish tends to