Implementation of a Nonpharmacological Pain Management Bundle to Improve Postoperative Recovery Outcomes in the PACU: A Pre/Post Quasi-Experimental Study.
BACKGROUND Postoperative pain following laparoscopic procedures can delay recovery and reduce patient satisfaction. Nonpharmacological methods (NPM) provide a low-risk adjunct to pain management. PURPOSE This study examined the implementation of a standardized NPM bundle on postoperative pain, opioid utilization, and...