Comparative bio-efficacy of botanical formulations against three major sucking pests of lettuce under protected cultivation
Aphid, mealybug and whitefly are major sucking pests limiting lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) yield, prompting interest in botanical alternatives to synthetic insecticides. A randomized block trial evaluated eight botanical formulations, a standard azadirachtin check (1500 ppm, T8) and an untreated control (a total of nine...