Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes, Biomarkers, and Mechanistic Evidence.
Heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of global mortality. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), a non-invasive technique involving brief episodes of non-lethal limb ischemia and reperfusion, has been investigated as a potential cardioprotective and vascular-conditioning strategy, but its role in chronic HF remains...