Comparison of the effects and efficacy of 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine with fentanyl versus 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl for subarachnoid block in elderly patients undergoing elective surgeries
Background: Spinal anesthesia is widely used in elderly patients undergoing lower abdominal or lower limb surgeries. Bupivacaine is associated with cardiovascular and central nervous system toxicity, prompting the adoption of levobupivacaine, its S(–)-enantiomer, as a safer alternative to bupivacaine. Methods: A random...