Oumaima Belgamra

The Effect of Background Music on Novel Word Encoding and Retention: Exploring the Roles of Musical Familiarity and Prior Musical Experience

The effect of background music on novel word encoding and retention: exploring the effect of familiarity and playing musical instruments

This study examines the effects of instrumental and vocal background music on the immediate and delayed recall of unfamiliar words, while also considering the roles of musical familiarity and prior musical experience. Fifty-seven participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: silence, instrumental musi...

Executive working memory, phonological short-term memory, and vocabulary size as predictors of immediate and delayed recall of low-frequency words among EFL learners

Despite extensive research on vocabulary acquisition and memory processes in foreign language learning, limited attention has been given to how cognitive factors differentially influence distinct stages of early lexical retention. The present study examined whether vocabulary size, phonological short-term memory, and e...