Review
Aug 2026
Hybrid Beamforming in Non-Terrestrial Networks: Architectures, Design Challenges, and Opportunities
Hybrid analog-digital beamforming (HBF) has emerged as a key enabling technology for non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), where large antenna arrays are required to compensate for severe propagation loss but fully digital beamforming is often impractical due to radio-frequency (RF) chain cost, power consumption, and payloa...
Thuan Van Le, Luong Cong Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen et al.
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