Causal Foundation Models for Trustworthy Multi-Modal Clinical Decision Intelligence: Integrating Medical Imaging, Electronic Health Records and Explainable Reasoning
Modern clinical artificial intelligence (AI) systems overwhelmingly rely on correlational, single-modality pattern recognition, a design choice that undermines robustness, fairness and clinician trust when models are deployed outside their training distribution. This paper proposes a Causal Foundation Model (CFM) frame...