Open access
Sep 2026
Global, regional, and national burden of low-back pain attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021: An age-period-cohort and joinpoint analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Despite continuous improvements in age-standardized rates driven by recent global tobacco control policies and younger birth cohorts, the absolute burden of smoking-attributable LBP continues to grow.
Jun-Kai Kou, Jian-Hua Ren, Ao-Ying Min et al.
· Tobacco Induced Diseases · 0 citations