Bioinspired multifunctional hydrogel actuator with rapid temperature/near-infrared light dual-stimuli responsiveness and strain-sensing capability.
In this work, a bilayer hydrogel with dual responsiveness to temperature and near-infrared (NIR) light, together with strain-sensing capability, was prepared via stepwise in situ free-radical polymerization. Upon heating or NIR irradiation, the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (PNAM)/Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene active layer...