R. Brännlund

The value of lost load in electricity intensive industry – combining and comparing stated and production value approaches

The value of lost load (VoLL) is a monetary metric quantifying the cost of unsupplied energy ( € /kWh) during outages, providing valuable insights for policymakers, utility providers, and industrial stakeholders. Leveraging a mixed-method approach that integrates and compares survey data with publicly available microec...