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#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Simulating Training Spikes of Deep Neural Networks by Layer-wise Random Feature Models

Intermittent ``spikes''in loss, during the pre-training of Large Language Models (LLMs), remains a mysterious phenomenon both theoretically and empirically. In this paper, we show that simple quadratic models with heavy-tailed, power-law distributed inputs can replicate these spikes. We introduce a theoretical framewor...

Ran Tian, Courtney Paquette · 0 citations

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