Case report
Open access
Jul 2026
The Oversight Fallacy: Why AI Agents Require More than Humans-in-the-Loop
This primer draws on fieldwork in a computational biology laboratory to examine what human oversight of AI agents requires in practice and shows that effective oversight has four components: adequate knowledge of system capabilities and limitations, sufficient observation of system actions, meaningful control of system behavior, and timely intervention in system failures.
Samir Passi, Ranjit Singh
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