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Author

Richard E. Cole

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Preprint Sep 2026

The Impact of Artificial Space Objects on Optical Astronomy as Determined from 32 Million Photometric Observations

Photometric observations of satellites, rockets and space debris brighter than magnitudes 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 are characterized. Those magnitudes pertain to different levels of interference with astronomy as defined by the International Astronomical Union. The densities of objects per square degree of sky and brighter tha...

Anthony Mallama, S. Karpov, Richard E. Cole · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

BlueBird 6 is Fainter than Block 1 Satellites

The mean apparent magnitude for BlueBird 6, the first Block 2 satellite of the BlueBird constellation, is 3.85 +/- 0.10 while that for Block 1 spacecraft is 3.30 +/- 0.07. So, BlueBird 6 is 0.55 magnitudes fainter. Likewise, the means of apparent magnitudes adjusted to a uniform distance of 1,000 km are 4.32 +/- 0.08 a...

Anthony Mallama, Richard E. Cole · 0 citations

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