Scaling Large Language Models (LLMs) via Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) enables massive parameter growth with nearly constant per-token computation. However, further scaling the parameter count requires increasingly sparse routing, where expert load imbalance becomes more severe. This imbalance reduces parameter utilization...
Peng Jin, Zi-Han Qiu, Ze-Kun Wang et al.· 0 citations
Long-context LLM training suffers from a load-balancing problem that sequence packing does not solve. Packing samples into fixed-token sequences balances memory and linear-cost operators, but the dominant attention cost scales with the sum of squared sequence lengths. Thus, equally sized packed sequences drawn from a l...
Yan Wang, Xiu-Long Yuan, Kaiming Yang et al.· arXiv.org· 1 citation
The architecture and the Muon optimizer together shift the optimal learning rate and batch size upwards, render batch-size warmup unnecessary, and substantially improve stability under stress tests.
Zi-Han Qiu, Zekun Wang, Xiao Li et al.· 20 citations· ⚡2
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