Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Spina Bifida and Tethered Cord Surgeries: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes
Spina bifida and tethered cord syndrome (TCS) are forms of spinal dysraphism requiring surgical intervention to prevent progressive neurological decline. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) provides real-time feedback, allowing surgeons to minimize intraoperative injury during these procedures. This sys...