Ş. C. Tuna

A FIELD-CALIBRATED NUMERICAL–EMPIRICAL FRAMEWORK FOR DEEP EXCAVATION DESIGN IN SOFT ALLUVIAL SOILS OF İZMIR, TÜRKIYE

In densely populated urban environments, deep excavations in soft ground present critical geotechnical challenges due to high groundwater table and weak cohesive soils. Diaphragm walls supported by struts or tieback anchors are frequently used to stabilize such excavations, yet predicting deformation behavior remains c...