ADAPTIVE PSO-ENHANCED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR MIMO-OFDM SYSTEMS UNDER DIVERSE MODULATION AND ANTENNA CONFIGURATIONS
This study presents an adaptive channel estimation (CE) framework for MIMO-OFDM systems that integrates Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) with traditional Least Squares (LS) and Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) estimators to enhance estimation accuracy and robustness. The proposed system employs different con...