S. Ganesh

Large Language Models in Spine Surgery: A Clinical Decision- Making Framework for the Next Decade with Emphasis on Degenerative Spine Care and LMIC Applications

A narrative review examines the evolving role of artificial intelligence in spine surgery, with particular emphasis on large language models in degenerative conditions of the cervical and lumbar spine, and proposes a structured six-level clinical decision-making framework spanning initial patient contact to postoperative care.