S. Gavinho

From Conventional Biomaterials to Smart Bioactive Interfaces: Surface Engineering Strategies for Next-Generation Orthopedic Implants

The long-term success of orthopedic implants depends not only on their mechanical performance but also on their ability to establish a stable and biologically active interface with surrounding tissues. Despite the widespread clinical use of metallic, ceramic, and polymeric biomaterials, implant failure remains associat...