Supporting the understanding of ontologies for scientific knowledge graphs with the new version of LODE
Scientific Knowledge Graphs (SKGs) rely on increasingly complex and heterogeneous semantic models, whose reuse and interoperability require ontologies and other semantic artefacts to be understandable by both machines and humans. However, existing ontology documentation tools provide limited support for modern reuse-oriented modelling practices, where entities are distributed across imported modules and enriched through cross-module annotations. This paper presents the new version of LODE, a re-engineered and extensible framework for generating human-readable documentation of semantic artefacts. LODE preserves the established single-page, W3C Recommendation-style documentation paradigm of its legacy predecessor, and introduces a modular architecture that separates artefact interpretation (Reader), internal representation (Model), and rendering (Viewer). Served as a web service, LODE supports the documentation of OWL ontologies and enables additional documentation features (e.g., entity stand-alone documentation, RDF entity provenance, Markdown rendering). We demonstrate the applicability of LODE through the documentation of the Scientific Knowledge Graph Interoperability Framework ontology (SKG-O), showing how it improves the accessibility and reuse of modular scientific knowledge graph models.