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S. S. Mustakim

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Open access Aug 2026

Development and validation of the mathematics anxiety questionnaire for primary school students

Mathematics anxiety is a significant emotional factor that can negatively influence students’ motivation, confidence, and achievement in mathematics learning. This study aimed to develop and validate the Student’s Mathematics Anxiety Questionnaire (SMAQ) for primary school students. A total of 302 students completed th...

Slamet Arifin, Tommy Tanu Wijaya, S. S. Mustakim et al. · 0 citations

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