From hemorrhage to hydrocephalus: cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and molecular pathways associated with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation in preterm infants — a systematic review and meta-analysis
Posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) are major complications of germinal matrix–intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) in preterm infants. Although serial cranial ultrasonography remains central to clinical monitoring, the molecular mechanisms underlying progression from...