Robust Multiuser Downlink Beamforming for Stacked Intelligent Metasurfaces With Imperfect CSI
This letter investigates robust multiuser downlink beamforming for a base-station-side stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) with finite-resolution phase control and imperfect channel state information. Because the effective channel depends on the SIM configuration, we estimate the SIM-output-to-user channel from multi...