Author

Shahid Kamal

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#reinforcement learning Open access Oct 2026

Governance-aware autonomous retail coordination in artificial intelligence cities using multi-agent reinforcement learning, blockchain accountability, and federated learning

When autonomous systems take operational authority over urban commerce, accountability and human oversight matter as much as efficiency. We present AAIRM, a governance-aware autonomous retail coordination framework addressing three requirements for trustworthy procurement: tamper-evident decision provenance, data sover...

Toqeer Ali Syed, Ali Akarma, Shahid Kamal et al. · Frontiers in Artificial Inte... · 1 citation

Open access Sep 2026

Adaptive Reinforcement Learning for Reliable and Sustainable Intelligent Vehicular Communication

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) require routing decisions that balance connectivity, link reliability and energy efficiency under continuously changing mobility and density. Conventional clustering-based routing combines these objectives using weights fixed in advance, which cannot reflect the changing relative impo...

A. Khan, K. Awan, Z. ur Rehman et al. · Future Internet · 0 citations

Review Open access Aug 2026

Agentic AI for Climate-Resilient Cities: A PRISMA-Guided Review and Digital Twin Framework

A rapid review applies operationalized criteria to separate Agentic AI from conventional machine learning for SDG 11 and SDG 13, revealing a field growing sharply since 2023, clustered in a few urban and climate domains, with almost no validated cross-domain deployment.

Toqeer Ali Syed, Ali Akarma, M. Naqash et al. · Sustainability · 10 citations

Open access Aug 2026

Generative artificial intelligence model for knowledge transfer in data-sparse cross-domain recommender systems

This study proposes a sparsity-aware generative adversarial networks-based cross-domain recommender system, named SPARGAN, which facilitates flexible and effective knowledge transfer by learning domain-invariant latent representations and generating realistic synthetic user-item interactions.

Matthew O. Ayemowa, Roliana Ibrahim, Noor Hidayah Zakaria et al. · Discover Computing · 0 citations

Open access Aug 2026

Deepfake Detection via Frequency-Aware Vision Transformer and Bidirectional Cross-Attention Fusion with Post-Processing Robustness

FAViT (Frequency-Aware Vision Transformer), a hybrid architecture capable of jointly utilizing spatial- and frequency-domain forensic information by the means of a bidirectional cross-attention fusion scheme, is presented.

Wasin Alkishri, Shahid Kamal, Jabar H. Yousif · Information · 0 citations