Shamma H. Alkuwaiti

Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut–brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment

The first 1000 days of life represent a critical developmental window during which early microbial colonization contributes to immune, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental programming. Human milk is increasingly recognized as a biologically active fluid that shapes infant gut microbiome assembly through microorganisms, hu...