Extracellular vesicle-mediated immune regulation in central nervous system diseases: mechanistic insights and exercise interventions.
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are major contributors to long-term disability and cognitive impairment, with neuroinflammation and immune dysregulation closely implicated in their pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed membrane vesicles secreted by diverse cell types that me...