Precise Control of Charge–Structure Coupling in Polyamide Membranes for Mono‐ and Divalent Ion Separation
ABSTRACT Selective separation of monovalent and divalent ions sharing the same charge sign is critical for treating complex aqueous streams such as natural brines and industrial wastewater. However, conventional nanofiltration (NF) membranes, which rely primarily on charge‐based exclusion, often struggle to achieve eff...