Meerkat-Hippo Optimizer for Optimal Designing of Microstrip Antenna
The rectangular microstrip patch antenna is a widely used planar antenna in modern wireless communication due to its compact size, low profile and ease of fabrication. Typically designed on a thin dielectric substrate, this configuration enables efficient radiation and reliable integration with planar circuits while maintaining a simple structure. In this work, a novel Meerkat-Hippo Optimizer for Optimal Designing of Microstrip Antenna (MHO-ODMA) framework is proposed that employs the Hippopotamus-assisted Meerkat Optimization Algorithm (H-MOA) for optimally tuning antenna parameters. The MHO-ODMA methodology begins by establishing a comprehensive antenna framework, which incorporates critical structural parameters such as patch length, width, height and feed line thickness, which directly influence resonant frequency, radiation efficiency, bandwidth and impedance matching. The H-MOA algorithm iteratively tunes these parameters under specified constraints that include gain, directivity and return loss to achieve optimal antenna performance. By systematically adjusting the patch dimensions and feed properties through constrained optimization, the approach enhances radiation characteristics, improves efficiency and ensures precise impedance matching. The H-MOA demonstrates a significant improvement in gain magnitude across the frequency range of 2.4 GHz by 8.6 dB.