Enhancing the filtration properties of water-based drilling mud using a novel lignosulfonate–starch–silica nanocomposite (LS-SSNC) additive
Effective fluid-loss (FL) control remains a major challenge for water-based drilling muds, especially under high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) conditions. Conventional polymeric additives undergo thermal degradation and reduced sealing efficiency. To address this, a novel bio-based lignosulfonate–starch–silica n...