Preprint
Aug 2026
When Test-Time Adaptation Helps, Harms, or Becomes Inactive: A Condition-Level Study on CIFAR-10-C
Results show that aggregate accuracy alone can mask systematic TTA failure modes and motivate condition-level evaluation of when adaptation helps, harms, or becomes effectively inactive, and suggest that reliability filtering can substantially restrict effective adaptation.
Sreeja Guha Majumdar, Aratrika Saha
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