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Author

Stefano Lambiase

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Preprint Jul 2026

TARS: A Theory-of-Mind Agent for Personalized In-IDE Code Comprehension

Code comprehension is one of the most time-consuming tasks in software engineering, yet most LLM-based assistants produce explanations that ignore who is asking and force developers into a disruptive copy-paste workflow. We present TARS, an LLM-powered agent integrated into Visual Studio Code that supports program comprehension through autonomous explanations anchored directly to the code under analysis. Built around a lightweight Theory of Mind paradigm, TARS profiles a developer's expertise, role, and stylistic preferences, then adapts the depth and tone of its explanations accordingly, grounding them in project documentation via Retrieval-Augmented Generation. To evaluate TARS, we conducted a controlled experiment with 18 participants on non-trivial Java snippets. Participants using TARS completed tasks 26\% faster, reported lower cognitive load, and found the explanations meaningfully adapted to their profiles.

Leopoldo Todisco, Antonio Della Porta, Stefano Lambiase et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Jul 2026

The Language of Security: How Prompt Syntax Shapes Secure Code Generation in Open LLMs

This work systematically generates syntactic variants of security-relevant code generation prompts and evaluates their impact on code security across multiple open LLMs and programming languages, identifying prompt syntax as a concrete security control surface and providing actionable guidance for reducing vulnerability risk in LLM-assisted development.

Matteo Cicalese, Antonio Della Porta, Stefano Lambiase et al. · 0 citations