Stefano Leto

Phosphoinositide-dependent signaling in arteriovenous fistula remodeling and failure: From pathophysiology to emerging therapeutic targets.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for maintenance hemodialysis because of its superior long-term patency and lower infection risk compared with prosthetic grafts and central venous catheters. Nevertheless, AVF dysfunction remains a major clinical challenge, as many fistulas fail to mature ade...