S.Z.M. Hashim

A reinforcement-learning-guided memetic Narwhal Optimization Algorithm for global and engineering optimization

The Narwhal Optimization Algorithm is a recent swarm metaheuristic that, like most population-based optimisers, is prone to premature convergence, is sensitive to random initialisation, and relies on a rigid, schedule-driven exploration–exploitation balance. This paper develops and rigorously evaluates two enhanced v...