Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is cultivated worldwide due to its adaptability to diverse environmental conditions and high nutritional value. However, in most Brazilian soils, phosphorus (P) availability is limited because of strong adsorption to iron and aluminum oxides, making large fertilizer inputs necessary and increasing production costs. In this context, organic fertilization emerges as a potential alternative to improve P availability while enhancing soil quality. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of common bean under different sources and rates of phosphorus fertilization in acid soil. Six treatments were tested: control (no P fertilization), chemical fertilization with single superphosphate (SSP), and organic fertilization (Agregare Environmental Solutions) corresponding to 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% of the recommended P rate. The evaluated traits included number of pods per plant, grains per pod, grains per plant, final plant population, shoot dry mass, 100-grain weight, and grain yield. Chemical fertilization with SSP provided the highest productivity and overall agronomic performance. Organic fertilization, regardless of rate, did not result in significant differences among treatments. These findings highlight the higher agronomic efficiency of soluble phosphate fertilizers in short-cycle crops grown in acid soils, while emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies combining organic inputs and soil correction practices for sustainable production systems.
D. A. Genari, T. R. B. Silva, C. Z. Alves· Brazilian Journal of Biology· 0 citations
Abstract Brazil is the world's third-largest corn producer, which is considered a demanding crop in terms of soil fertility. Phosphorus is known to be an essential element for crop development, and in most arable areas, this element is found in a form that is poorly available to the plant. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, and B. aryabhattai) on the availability of this nutrient, combined with phosphate fertilizer doses, on early corn development. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of six treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of treatment with or without the bacteria and three phosphorus doses (0, 50, and 100% of the P dose). The evaluations performed included stem diameter, root length, shoot and root dry matter, chlorophyll index, and shoot phosphorus content. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test). Means for inoculation treatments were compared using Tukey’s test, while phosphorus rates were evaluated by linear regression. Inoculation with Bacillus spp. significantly increased final plant height, root length, and dry matter accumulation, while chlorophyll index, stem diameter, and shoot phosphorus content did not differ significantly from the inoculant. Increasing phosphorus doses significantly increased plant height, root length, dry matter, and shoot phosphorus content, but did not significantly influence chlorophyll index or stem diameter. The interaction between inoculant use and phosphorus doses was not significant for any of the variables evaluated. These results indicate that inoculation with Bacillus spp. can promote vegetative development at later stages, while phosphorus is crucial from the early stages of the crop.
A. G. Caris, T. R. B. Silva, C. Z. Alves et al.· Brazilian Journal of Biology· 0 citations
Abstract Soybean has significant importance in the global agricultural sector. However, yield is often compromised by the low availability of phosphorus in the soil. The inoculation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria has shown promise in increasing the absorption of this nutrient. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus licheniformis as a phosphorus solubilizer, as well as to investigate its impact on soybean crop development. The experimental design was a randomized block design arranged in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments consisted of four phosphate fertilization rates (0, 40, 60, and 80 kg ha−1 P2O5, applied as single superphosphate and equivalent to 0, 50%, 75%, and 100% the recommended rate) associated or not with inoculation with Bacillus licheniformis. Morphological variables (plant height, root length, stem diameter, and branch number) and yield components (pods per plant, seeds per plant, seeds per pod, thousand grain weight, and grain yield) were determined. There were no significant effects of biological inoculation or phosphorus rate on morphological characteristics or some yield components, attributed to the high content of available phosphorus in the experimental soil (39.3 mg dm−3). On the other hand, inoculation with B. licheniformis significantly increased thousand grain weight and grain yield, even under high phosphorus availability. Regression analysis indicated that both variables had a positive linear response to phosphorus rate. These results reinforce the agronomic potential of B. licheniformis as a complementary technology to phosphate fertilization, contributing to the sustainability of soybean production.
G. Fumagalli, T. R. B. Silva, A. Nolla et al.· Brazilian Journal of Biology· 0 citations