A Systematic Review of VR-Based Studies on Pedestrian Interaction with eHMI-Equipped Automated Vehicles: From Simplified Paradigms to Social Contexts
With the advancement of automated vehicles (AVs), ensuring safe interaction between pedestrians and AVs become a critical challenge. External human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) have emerged as a solution for communicating vehicle intentions to pedestrians. In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly used...