A Numerical Evaluation Performance of Bio-inspired Metaheuristic MPPT Algorithms for Low-power PV Systems
Photovoltaic (PV) systems require efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to ensure optimal energy utilization. Conventional methods such as Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (InC) still exhibit oscillations, slow response, and a tendency to get trapped at local maxima under changing irradiati...