Multi-omics analysis identifies fibroblast IGFBP5 as a key target of anti-TNFα therapy in ulcerative colitis
Background Resistance to anti-TNFα therapy (e.g., infliximab) in ulcerative colitis (UC) remains a significant clinical challenge, with the underlying cellular and spatial mechanisms poorly understood. Methods We integrated bulk transcriptomics, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and spatial transcriptomics (ST) f...