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Usman Naseem

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#natural language process... Preprint Sep 2026

Beyond Shallow Alignment: How Post-Training Methods Determine Refusal Circuits And Steering Robustness

No post-training method achieves all three properties the authors would want from safe alignment at once: refusal that isn't concentrated in a few fragile components, safety gains that don't cost general capability, and safety behavior correctable through small, targeted edits.

Hoang Cuong Nguyen, M. Dras, Usman Naseem · 1 citation

Over-Refusal and Representation Subspaces: A Mechanistic Analysis of Task-Conditioned Refusal in Aligned LLMs

It is shown that harmful-refusal directions are task-agnostic and can be captured by a single global vector, whereas over-refusal directions are task-dependent: they reside within the benign task-representation clusters, vary across tasks, and span a higher-dimensional subspace.

Utsav Maskey, M. Dras, Usman Naseem · 2 citations
#artificial intelligence Preprint Aug 2026

Pak3H: Evaluating the Cost of Cultural Mismatch in LLM Alignment with a Human-Contextualized Urdu Benchmark

This work introduces Pak3H1, the first human-validated, culturally contextualized Urdu benchmark suite for 3H alignment, comprising PakAlpaca (helpfulness), PakBeaverTails (harmlessness), and PakTruthfulQA (honesty), and underscores the necessity of human-guided localization for equitable multilingual evaluation.

Abdullah Hashmat, Usman Naseem, Agha Ali Raza · 0 citations

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