Multilayered extracellular matrix–derived scaffolds direct progenitor cell differentiation in vitro and osteochondral-tissue formation in vivo
Osteochondral repair requires restoration of zonally organised articular cartilage and subchondral bone, yet translatable implants rarely reproduce this spatial complexity. Here, we developed an acellular multilayer scaffold comprising a superficial 2% (w/v) articular cartilage extracellular matrix (AC-ECM) phase, an i...