Background/Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by chronic systemic inflammation. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can reduce persistent inflammation, as measured by C-reactive protein (CRP). The CRP methylation risk score (MRSCRP) acts as proxy for plasma CRP, but longitudinal changes in this score for people with HIV (PWH) before and after initiating ART have not been described. Methods: We evaluated a previously published MRSCRP in the Emory Twin Study (N = 352), testing its correlation with plasma CRP and CRP-responsive biomarkers, as well as associations with cardiometabolic traits using generalized estimating equations (GEEs). We then applied MRSCRP in the HIV AIDS Drug Resistance Surveillance Study (ADReSS) cohort (N = 440) to assess longitudinal changes before and after ART, using paired t-tests and linear mixed-effects models. Results: MRSCRP showed moderate correlation with CRP (r = 0.38) and other inflammatory biomarkers (r = 0.25–0.34). MRSCRP was associated with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and obesity, and remained independently associated with obesity (odds ratio = 1.49) after adjusting for measured CRP. Z-score-standardized MRSCRP decreased by 0.254 standard deviation units between baseline and follow-up among PWH receiving ART, confirmed by linear mixed-effects models. Conclusions: MRSCRP showed associations with chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases. The observed decline in MRSCRP following ART initiation may reflect changes in inflammatory status among PWH. These findings highlight the potential of MRSCRP as a marker of inflammation-related changes and comorbidity risk in PWH.
Yi-Jie Huang, Junyu Chen, A. Young et al.· Epigenomes· 0 citations
OBJECTIVES
We examined the association between sleep duration and quality with cardiometabolic risk factors, assessed whether these associations varied by socioeconomic status, and identified prevalent risk factor combinations in those with poor sleep health.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 25,433 adults using the 2022 National Health Interview Survey data. Sleep health exposures included self-reported sleep duration (<7, 7-9, >9 h), sleep quality measures (frequency of feeling well rested, difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep), and a composite sleep health indicator. Cardiometabolic risk factors included overweight/obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. We examined the mean count of cardiometabolic risk factors (individual range: 0-4) and patterns of cardiometabolic risk factor combinations across sleep measures using Poisson regression with marginal standardization for covariates, accounting for the complex survey design.
RESULTS
Population-average cardiometabolic risk factor count was 9% higher among short sleepers, 15% to 20% higher across poor sleep quality measures, and 18% higher among those without healthy composite sleep compared with healthy reference groups. Associations between difficulty staying asleep and mean cardiometabolic risk factor count were stronger among those with lower SES (p-interaction ≤0.001) on the ratio scale. Poor sleep quality was associated with more severe CMRF combinations and patterns, while sleep duration showed heterogeneous associations across cardiometabolic outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration were associated with higher population-level cardiometabolic risk factor burden. Associations for difficulty staying asleep were stronger among individuals with lower socioeconomic status. Poor sleep quality was also associated with more severe cardiometabolic risk factor combinations, suggesting sleep quality may be a potential target for multimorbidity prevention.
K. Vashist, Laura Ward, Amit J. Shah et al.· Sleep Health· 0 citations
