Veerawut Veerapongchai

Paraformaldehyde-Induced Vesiculation Preserves Native Membrane Physiological States Critical for T‑Cell Activation

Plasma membrane vesicles (PMVs) are powerful model systems for studying plasma membrane biophysics, but their production typically relies on chemicals, such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and paraformaldehyde (PFA). DTT is detrimental to protein structure and can alter membrane composition, whereas PFA is a well-established f...