Heat Transfer Modeling and Self-Sustained Thermal Operation of a Pilot-Scale Rotary Kiln for Slow Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter
This study evaluated the slow pyrolysis of poultry litter in a pilot-scale continuous rotary kiln (350–400 kg/h input, 140–180 kg/h biochar output) operated in Asfan, Saudi Arabia. Phenomenological mathematical modeling, simulation, and sensitivity analysis were used, with the model solved numerically in Python and c...