Carbonation and Restrained Shrinkage Cracking as Coupled Service-Life Controls in Low-Carbon Building Concrete: A Critical Review
Embodied-CO2 savings in clinker-reduced concrete must be evaluated alongside cover-zone durability and service life. This review examines carbonation and shrinkage/restrained cracking as coupled, rather than independent, controls on atmospheric service life in reinforced concrete buildings. The synthesis links binder r...